фото с ответами скиньте через http://distant.dgu.ru/LoginStudent
СОЗДАЙТЕ ФАЙЛ В ВОРДЕ ИЛИ ПДФ, ДОБАВЬТЕ НА ЭТОТ ФАЙЛ ВСЕ ФОТО В ВАШИМИ ОТВЕТАМИ И ОТПРАВЬТЕ ЭТОТ ФАЙЛ!
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Past Perfect Tense — это прошедшее совершенное время. Его мы обычно используем, чтобы сказать о действии, которое закончилось к или до какого-то момента в прошлом.
Например: Когда он прочитал книгу, он лег спать.
Какое действие было первым? Сначала он прочитал книгу, а потом лег спать. То есть к тому времени, как он пошел спать, он уже прочитал книгу. Чтобы показать, что первое действие закончилось до того, как произошло второе, в первой части предложения нужно использовать Past Perfect — «When he had read the book, he went to bed».Другими словами, мы используем Past Perfect, чтобы показать очередность действий, т.е., что одно действие в прошлом произошло перед другим.
КАК ОБРАЗУЕТСЯ PAST PERFECT (ФОРМУЛЫ+ПРИМЕРЫ)
- Утверждение. Сказуемое в Past Perfect состоит из двух частей: вспомогательного глагола «had» и третьей формы основного глагола (к правильному глаголу прибавляем окончание «-ed», а форму неправильного берем из третьей колонки таблицы неправильных глаголов).
I had come. – Я пришел. He had done. – Он сделал. She had read. – Она прочла. It had fallen. – Оно упало. | We had seen . – Мы видели. You had finished. – Вы закончили. They had gone. – Они ушли. |
- Отрицание. В отрицательном предложении между вспомогательным глаголом «had» и основным глаголом появляется частица «not».
I had not come. – Я не пришел. He had not done. – Он не сделал. She had not read. – Она не прочла. It had had fallen. – Оно не упало. | We had not seen . – Мы не видели. You had not finished. – Вы не закончили. They had not gone. – Они не ушли. |
Как и во многих других временах, в Past Perfect есть сокращенные формы, которые используются в разговорной речи. В утвердительном предложении «had» объединяется с местоимением, в отрицательном – с частицей «not». Например:
I’d come.
You’d finished.
I hadn’t come.
You hadn’t finished.
- Вопрос. Вопросительное предложение начинается со вспомогательного глагола «had», за которым следует подлежащее и основной глагол.
Had I come? – Я пришел? Had he done? – Он сделал? Had she read? – Она прочла? Had it fallen? – Оно упало? СЛУЧАИ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ PAST PERFECT:
Before Anna called her husband she had finished all the work. – Прежде чем Анна позвонила своему мужу, она закончила всю работу.
Nota bene: если действия поставлены в хронологическом порядке, то нужно использовать Past Simple:
Anna finished all work and called her husband. – Анна закончила всю работу и (затем) позвонила своему мужу (хронологический порядок).
He was hungry. He hadn’t eaten for eight hours. – Он был голоден. Он не ел восемь часов. She couldn’t buy a new pair of shoes as she had lost her credit card. – Она не могла купить новую пару туфель, потому что потеряла кредитную карту.
If I had known about your problem, I would have helped you. – Если бы я знал о твоей проблеме, я бы тебе помог.
Hardly had the plane landed at the Miami airport, when it started to rain. – Едва самолет приземлился в аэропорте Майами, как начался дождь.
I finally caught Lucky and looked around. The nasty dog had scratched the furniture, had torn the wallpapers and had eaten my lunch on the table. – Я, наконец, поймал Лаки и осмотрелся вокруг. Мерзкая собака исцарапала мебель, порвала обои и съела мой обед на столе. I discovered that someone … the last apple when I opened my refrigerator. had eaten has eaten Christina failed the exam because … . hadn‘t studied hasn‘t studied Peter … with everyone in the party by the end of the evening. had talked has talked Russian food until my journey to Russia last year. has tasted had tasted They … their keys in the car that‘s why they couldn‘t drive away. have locked had locked Students … new Chemistry teacher yet. hadn‘t met haven‘t met Don‘t pour your coffee on the flour – my sister … the flat. had just cleaned have just cleaned Jane is working late again? She … overtime every week this month. has worked had worked Dane … Russian food. has never had had never had We had a great time on our meeting last night but my friends … me since. hadn‘t called haven‘t called. Задание 2. В данном упражнении необходимо дополнить предложения глаголом в скобках, поставленным в правильную форму. 1. When I came to the parking I found that my Opel … (to steal). 2. Peter … (to live) in London for two years before he got used to rainy weather. 3. Kate … (to learn) Spanish for two years now. 4. The aborigines were stunned because they … (never, to see) ships before. 5. Security won‘t let him in because he … (to forget) his member card. 6. The security said: ‗I won‘t let you in because you … (to forget) your member card‘. 7. … (to see) the new film by Scorsese? 8. Girls … (to drink) a lot of Martini by the time the celebration ended. 9. My friend were nervous because they … (to wait) for too long. 10. He never gets up from the table before others … (to finish). 11. It‘s already 9 p.m. We … (to wait) for over half an hour. If Jane doesn‘t arrive in the next two minutes, we are going to leave. 12. Did they hear John was fired last week? John … (to work) for that company for over than fifteen years. 13. I … (to see) many pictures of the Westminster Palace before I went to Great Britain last year. 14. Tom … (to climb) Mount Everest, … (to sail) around the world. He is very adventurous person. 15. Before my trip to Beijing three years ago, I … (never, to be) to China. Задание 3 Выполните тест 1. We could not send you a postcard because we _____ our address book. have forgotten had forgotted had forgotten 2. I _____ the key that he had given to me. lost losted had lost 3. She put on the red dress, which she _____ for ages. has not worn not had worn had not worn 4._____ your homework before you went to the cinema? Had you finished Did you finished You had finished 5.When they came home, Sue _____ dinner already. has cooked had cooked had cooking 6. Why _____ the bathroom before you bathed the dog? had you cleaned you had cleaned had you clean 7. The waiter served something that we _____. have not ordered had not ordered not had ordered 8.His mother was angry because he ____ her with the shopping. have not helped not had helped had not helped пройдите по ссылке и выполните тест |
Комментариев нет:
Отправить комментарий